How long do I have to sue ex-employer for wrong full termination?

I was complaining of pain and needed to go see a dr. I was terminated two weeks after complaining. I send them an email about needing their workmans comp inf. they emailed it to me I had surgery on left hand awaiting surgery on right hand, don't get workmans comp money because I was terminated. I haven't gotten better and it was a year in July 24th. I don't know what to do.